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野尻湖は、水草が豊富な湖沼でした。1900年代初頭には20数種類の水草が記録されておりそれらの分布や群落構造まで詳しく調べられています。しかし1970年には増えすぎた水草が船の航行や漁業の邪魔になったため、1978年に5,000匹のソウギョが放流され、3年間で水草は食べ尽くされてしまいました。この時ホシツリモ(Nitellopsis obtusa) 車軸藻類(stonewort) も全滅しました。 |
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Lake Nojiri had been famous for rich aquatic plants until 1970's. In the early 20th century, more than twenty of plant species were recorded during the ecological research on distribution and structure of aquatic plants in the lake. However, in 1978, five thousands grass carps were introduced in order to manage the aquatic plants, which sometimes interfere of the fishery and boat navigation. Three years after its introduction, most of aquatic plants including genus Nitellopsis obtusa (stonewort) were heavily damaged or extinct due to overgrazing by grass carps. Nitellopsis obtusa is now extinct in the wild in Japan, but living cultures of N.obtusa originating from Lake Nojiri has been preserved in the laboratory of Osaka Medical University. This information initiated activity for restoration in Lake Nojiri by Nagano Research Institute for Health and Pollution(NRIHP). In 1996, NRIHP activity for restoration had started with Nojiri-ko Museum, and local voluntary staffs. First project was to install experimental exclosures. |